重點詞語用法
1．suggest 的用法
1)suggest用作及物動詞，后接名詞、動名詞或名詞性從句。從句中的謂語形式多為should加動詞原形，should可以省略。
①He suggested our returning home as soon as possible.
他建議我們盡快回家。
②He suggested a plan.
他提出了一個計劃。
③I suggested that he(should)do it.
我建議他做那件事。
2)suggest作及物動詞，表示“暗示，表明”，后面也加that從句，但不用should do 形式。
①Her appearance suggests that she is living a happy life.
她的樣子顯示她生活得很幸福。
②His yawns suggested that he would like to go to bed.
他哈欠連天，說明他該上床睡覺了。
2．fire 的用法
fire作用物質名詞表示“火”時是不可數名詞，一般不加冠詞。
①There is no smoke without fire.
無風不起浪。
②Keep away from fire!
切勿近火！
▲表示“火災”時，fire用作可數名詞。
①A fire broke out yesterday.
昨天發(fā)生了一場火災。
②Forest fires are common in North America.
北美的森林火災很普遍。
③The fire was soon put out.
火很快撲滅了。
▲set fire to 意為“放火燒”，“使情緒激動”。
①He set fire to his house before he took a flight.
他逃跑前放火燒了房子。
②He set the audience on fire.
他使聽眾情緒激昂。
▲catch fire作“著火，燃燒，激動起來”解。
①First the curtains caught fire and then the bed-clothes.
窗簾首先著火了，接著被褥也著火了。
②The audience caught fire at his words.
觀眾聽了他的話群情激昂。
▲go through fire and water作“赴湯蹈火”解。
They were always ready to go through fire and water for the sake of the Chinese people's liberation.
他們隨時準備為中國人民的解放而赴湯蹈火。
3．情態(tài)動詞 might的用法
1)might是may的過去式，但只有在過去時間的語境中，might才表示過去的“許可”。
①They assured us that we might come and go as we pleased.
他們向我們保證，我們可以來去自由。
②She asked if she might go home then.
她詢問那時是否可以回家。
2)在過去時間的語境中，might可表示過去的“可能”。
①He explained he might be late for school because of a traffic jam.
他解釋到，他上學可能會因交通堵塞而遲到。
②He said he might be working late that night.
他說那天晚上他可能工作到深夜。
3)如果不出現在過去時間的語境中，might僅表示一種婉轉口氣。
①We might ask John to chair the meeting.
我們不妨請約翰主持會議。(試探性的建議)
②You might take these letters to the post office for me.
你可否把我的幾封信帶到郵局發(fā)掉。(客氣的請求)
4．battle, war, fight & struggle
1)war指國家間的戰(zhàn)爭總體。
①They are at war with the country.
他們正在與該國交戰(zhàn)。
②War is not the best way to settle quarrels between different countries.
戰(zhàn)爭不是解決國與國之間爭端的最好方法。
2)battle 指war中的各個戰(zhàn)役。
①He died in the battle of Waterloo.
他死于滑鐵盧戰(zhàn)役。
②They all went out to battle.
他們全部奔赴戰(zhàn)場了。
3)fight 指具體的爭斗，可以有兵器，也可以沒有，可以指人之間，亦可指動物之間的爭斗。
①They fought for freedom.
他們?yōu)樽杂啥鴳?zhàn)。
②England fought against Germany.
英國和德國打仗。
4)struggle指較長時期的，激烈的爭斗，往往指肉體上、精神上的戰(zhàn)斗。
①He struggled with the thief.
他與竊賊搏斗。
②They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals.
他們必須與氣候、野獸抗爭以求生存。
5．when用作并列連詞，意為“這時突然……”(”and then；and just at that time)；“正在……時，突然”。注意這時不能將when所引導的句子放在句首。例如：
①An Arab was walking along in the desert when he met two men.
一個阿拉伯人正獨自在沙漠中走，這時他碰見兩個人。
②I was Just coming to see you when I ran into Wilson.
我正要去看你，這時我碰到威爾遜。
③Peter was on his way home when two boys stopped him.
彼得正往家走，突然兩個男孩攔住了他。
6．speed的用法
speed用作抽象意義，表示“速度，速率”時為不可數名詞；而當表示具體的以某種速度行駛時，則為可數名詞，多在前面加不定冠詞a。
①The speed of light is faster than that of sound.
光速比音速要快。
②The motor-bike is gaining speed.
那輛摩托車在加快速度。
③He ran at an average speed at the beginning of the race.
在比賽開始時他以中速賽跑。
④Drivers are required to drive at a safe speed on the twisting roads in the mountain.
要求司機們在蜿蜒曲折的山路上以安全的速度行車。
⑤The police car is running with a maximum speed.
警車正以最快的速度行駛。
⑥A student was required to have a speed of 500 words per minute in speed-reading.
在快速閱讀中要求學生每分鐘讀500字。
▲at speed意為“高速地，迅速地”。
①The ambulance is running at speed with alarms.
救護車鳴笛急馳。
②She finished typewriting the letter at speed.
她迅速打好那封信。
▲at full/top speed表示“全速，最快速度”。
①The militant trucks ran to the front at full speed.
軍車全速開往前線。
②The first-aid medical team got to the spot of the accident at top speed.
急救醫(yī)療隊以最快速度趕到事故現場。
③The runners dashed to the finish at top speed.
賽跑運動員以最快的速度沖向終點。
▲speed可用作動詞，意為“迅速前進，快行”。
①The destroyer sped through wind and waves.
那艘驅逐艦頂風斬浪向前行駛。
②She sped home the moment she was told that her husband fell ill suddenly.
剛一聽說丈夫突然病倒，她便馬上奔回家去。
③He sped the car through the streets.
他加快車速，穿過一條條街道。
▲speed up意“(使)加快，(使)加速”等，其過去式和過去分詞多用speeded。
①He speeded up the engine.
他加快了發(fā)動機的速度。
②Many cities have speeded up in house building to meet the demand.
許多城市在建房中加快速度，以滿足要求。
7．warn的用法
warn基礎用法如下：1)warn sb．of(或 about)sth．警告某人某事；2)warn sb．(not)to do sth．警告某人(不)要做某事；3)warn sb．against sth．(或 doing sth．)警告某人不要做某事；4)warn(sb．)that…警告(某人)某事。例如：
①I warned you of the danger, didn't I?
我給你說了有危險，不是嗎？
②Doctor warned people not to smoke.
醫(yī)生警告人們不要吸煙。
③They warned him against swimming in river.
他們告戒他不要在那條河里游泳。
④The weather station warned that a storm was coming.
氣象臺預報有暴風雨來臨。
8．as的用法
as可以作連詞、介詞及關系代詞。現將as的用法小結。如下：
1)作連詞：
(1)作“當……的時候”解，引起時間狀語從句，與while相近，強調兩個動作同時發(fā)生，或某事一發(fā)生，另一事立即發(fā)生。例如：
①As she sang, the tears ran down her cheeks.
她一邊唱歌，一邊流淚。
②I startled as he opened the door.
他一開門，我嚇了一跳。
(2)作“因為”，“由于”解，引起原因狀語從句，與because相近。例如：
①I must stop writing now，as I have rather a lot of work to do.
我必須停筆了，因為我還有許多工作要做。
②As Jim liked walking, we started off on foot.
因為吉姆喜歡走路，所以我們就步行出發(fā)了。
(3)作“如”，“像”解，引起方式狀語從句，或比較狀語從句。例如：
①You should do as the teacher tells you to do.
你應該像教師教你的那樣去做。(方式狀語)
②He speaks English just as Americans do.
他說英語就像美國人說英語一樣。(方式狀語)
③The weather was not so wet as it is today.
過去的天氣不像現在這樣潮濕。(比較狀語)
④The Christmas tree is almost as tall as the room.
這棵圣誕樹差不多同這間房子一般高。(比較狀語)
▲另外，經常用在 as…as possible的結構中。例如：
⑤Read the story as quickly as possible.(” Read the story as quickly as you can.)盡快地閱讀這篇故事。
⑥They watered the trees as often as possible. (”They watered the trees as often as they could.)
他們盡可能經常給樹澆水。
2)用作介詞：
(1)作“如”，“像”解，引起方式狀語從句，或比較狀語從句。例如：
①They got united as one man.
他們團結得像一個人一樣。
②She spoke of me as her dearest friend.
她談起我來就像我是她最親密的朋友似的。
(2)作“充當”，“作為”解。例如：
③He was famous as a soldier.
作為軍人，他很有名望。
④English is spoken as the first language by most people in Australia.
在澳大利亞，大多數人把英語作為第一語言。
3)用作關系代詞：在“the same as”和 as follows這類結構中的as都是作關系代詞。
9．as，when與while的用法區(qū)別
1)while常表示一段較長時間或一個過程，強調主句謂語動詞與從句謂語動詞同時發(fā)生。例如：
①Work while you work. Play while you play.
工作時工作，玩耍時玩耍。
2)when當……時候，可以指較短的(一點)時間，也可指一段時間。例如：
①When the clock struck twelve, all the lights in the streets were still on.
鐘敲十二時，街上所有的燈仍亮著。
②When he was at college, he studied hard.
他在大學時，學習很努力。
3)as當……時候，強調主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生，經常翻譯為“一面……一面……”。例如：
①The students sang the English song as they went along.
學生們邊走邊唱那首英語歌曲。
10．noise，voice和 sound的用法區(qū)別
1)sound作“聲音”解，可以指一切聲音。如：
①He heard a strange sound from behind.
他聽到背后有一個奇怪的聲音。
②It was such a weak sound that we could hardly hear it.
它是那么微弱的聲音，我們幾乎聽不到。
③Can you hear a sharp sound from a long distance?
你聽到遠處的尖叫聲了嗎？
④The beautiful sound of music moved him greatly.
優(yōu)美的音樂深深地感動了他。
2)noise(”loud and unpleasant sound)意為“噪聲”。
特指不悅耳的聲音。它即可用作可數名詞，也可用作不可數名詞。例如：
①Noise is another kind of pollution.
噪音是另外一種污染。
②The people who usually hear very loud noises have their hearing hurt.
經常聽很大噪音人的聽力受到了傷害。
3)voice作“聲音”解時，多指人發(fā)出的聲音。例如：
①Don't shout at the top of your voice.
不要可著喉嚨高喊。
②They didn't recognize my voice on the telephone.
他們在電話中沒有聽出我的聲音。
③Do you know the girl who has a sweet voice?
你認識那位聲音很甜美的姑娘嗎？
重要詞組短語
1．the other day(” a few days ago)意為“前幾天”。例如：
①They sent me a letter from abroad the other day.
前幾天他們給我從國外發(fā)來了一封信。
②The other day, when I was walking along the street, I met one of my old school friends.
前幾天當我在街上散步的時候，我遇見了我的一個老校友。
2．think of意為“想到，記得；思考，關心”。例如：
①Who first thought of the idea?
誰先想到那個主意的？
②All at once he thought of a way.
他突然想到一個辦法。
③I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.
我正想著這些的時候，聽到(老師)叫我的名字。
④He had us in mind all the time and we thought of him constantly.
他時刻關懷著我們，我們也經常惦念著他。
3．go +doing結構表示“去干某事”的意思，多指從事與體育、娛樂有關的活動。例如：
go boating 去劃船
go climbing去等山
go fishing 去釣魚
go hunting去打獵
go dancing去跳舞
go swimming去游泳
go shopping去買東西
go walking去散步
4．30cm by 30cm by 50cm是體積的表示法，也可以寫成30cm×30cm×50cm。乘號(×)讀作by。介詞 by在這里表示相乘以計面積或體積。例如：
①They have built a bird cage 2m×3m×5m.
他們做了一個2米寬3米長5米高的鳥籠。
②I want a piece of paper 3 inches by 5 inches.
我想要一張3英寸寬5英寸長的紙。
③The room is forty feet by twenty.
房間長40英尺寬20英尺。
5．turn off 意為“關掉(電燈、水源、煤氣等)”。例如：
①Make sure to turn off the lights before you leave the office.
在你離開辦公室之前，一定要關掉電燈。
②Please turn off the water．請把自來水關上。
6．“be about to + 不定式”結構表示“即刻就要發(fā)生/做的事”。例如：
①They were about to start when it rained.
他們剛要出發(fā)，天就下起雨來。
②We are about to attend a meeting.
我們將要參加會議。
【注意】在這種結構中，不能用表示時間的副詞來修飾，若說成：I am about to leave next week.則是錯誤的，應去掉修飾詞 next week。
7．at that very moment中的very是形容詞，用來加強語氣，意為“正好”、“就在”。例如：
①That's the very thing I need.
那正是我需要的東西。
②The hotel stands in the very centre of the town.
那家飯店位于城市的正中心。
③He did it under my very eyes.
他就是在我的眼皮底下干這件事。
8．held one's breath 意為“(由于緊張、激動、害怕等)屏住氣，不出聲”。例如：
①The audience held their breath when the prizes were to be given.
在頒獎之前，觀眾都緊張得屏住了氣。
②We held our breath at the exciting news.
聽到這一令人興奮的消息時，我們都屏住了氣。
9．“go + adj．”表示“轉變成……”，go是連系動詞，作“變得”解。這個結構常表示情況變壞。例如：
①The machines go wrong.
機器出了毛病。
②He went almost mad when he heard the news.
他聽到這個消息時幾乎發(fā)瘋了。
③His illness is going worse.
他的病情正在惡化。
10．run out of sth.
run out of sth．意為“(供應品)用完、耗盡；(人)用完”。
①The petrol is running out.
汽油快用光了。
②We are running out of time.
我們剩下的時間不多了。
③Could I have a cigarette? I seem to have run out of them.
給我一支煙好嗎？我的煙已經抽完了。
11．so as to/in order to常用來表示目的，構成動詞不定式短語，其否定形式是so as not to/in order not to。例如：
①He got up very early so as to catch the first bus.
他起的很早，以便趕上第一班公共汽車。
②He worked very hard in order to catch up with the top student in our class.
他工作很努力，以便趕上我班最好的同學。
③I'm going to make an early start so as not to get stuck in the traffic.
我要早點動身，以免碰上交通堵塞。
④He came in quietly in order not to wake his wife.
他輕輕地進來，為了不把他妻子吵醒。
12．attract one's attention意為“引起某人的注意”。例如：
①What I said didn't attract his attention.
我所說的話沒有引起他的注意。
②Heze peony flowers attract many foreigners' attention.
菏澤牡丹吸引了眾多外賓的注意力。
13．before long(” soon)意為“不久”，既可與過去時連用，也可與將來時連用；long before中 before若作副詞，long before(”long ago)意為“很久以前”，常與過去時連用。例如：
①I'll be seeing you before long.
不久，我就會見到你。
②He left Wuhan long before.
他很久以前就離開了武漢。
③It will be long before he arrives.
還要很久，他才能到達。(本句中before為連詞。)
14．a sleeping lion意為“睡獅”。其中sleeping為動詞-ing形式，用作定語，相當于定語從句(” a lion that is sleeping)。又如：
①Let the sleeping dog lie.
讓睡覺的狗躺著。(或：不要惹是生非。)
②He entered the room quietly so as not to wake the sleeping child.
他靜靜地走進了房間，以便不驚醒睡覺的孩子。
【常用句型結構】
1．句型“the +形容詞比較級，the +形容詞比較級”意思是“越……越……”。例如：
①The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.
你越聽英語，它變的越容易。
②The more you learn, the more you want to learn.
你越學越想學。
③The bigger the computer is, the more expensive it is.
電腦越大，就越昂貴。
④The harder the work is, the more interesting I find it.
工作越難我覺得越有意思。
2．It is + adj．+(或for sb．)to do sth．可看作一個句型，其中it為形式主語。真正的主語為動詞不定式短語或動詞不定式復合結構。例如：
①It is very important for us to learn English well.
對我們來說學好英語很重要。
②It was impossible for people on the floors above to escape.
對樓上的人來說，要逃掉是不可能的。
3．目的狀語從句總結
1)目的狀語從句的關聯詞有so，so that，in order that等。
目的狀語從句常用情態(tài)動詞may(might)，有時亦用shall(should)和will(would)，亦可用can(could)。
①I'll ring him up at once so he shouldn't wait for me.
我馬上給他掛電話，讓他別等我了。
②He drew a plan of the village so that she could find his house easily.
他畫了一張村子的草圖，以便她會容易找到他的房子。
③I lent him ￡500 in order that he might go for a holiday.
我借給他500英鎊，讓他去度假。
2)so that和 in order that引導的目的狀語從句被強調時，可置于句首。
①So that the coming generation can learn the martial arts, he has recently devoted much time to writing books on the subject.
為了下一代能夠學會這些武術，他近來花了許多時間著書立說。
②In order that the grass and flowers could bloom again, it was necessary that the rocks should be removed.
為了讓這些花草能再開花，這些石頭必須搬走。
3)in case，for fear(that)也可以引導目的狀語從句，但有否定意義，意謂“以免，以防”。
①Take your umbrella，in case it rains.
帶上傘，以防下雨。
②He took an umbrella with him for fear it might rain.
他帶了一把傘，以防下雨。