科目 英語
年級 高一
文件 high1 unit7.7.doc
標題 章節 第七單元
關鍵詞 內容
高中英語第 1 冊
Unit 7 Earthquakes
一、教法建議
【拋磚引玉】
本單元學習有關地震是怎樣形成的、地震的多發區在哪些地區、人類能否預測和遏止地震。現在讓我們看一下 1976 年 7 月 28 日凌晨 3 點 42 分的中國河北省發生的 7.8 級的地震吧。
剎那間，驚雷激蕩，狂風呼嘯，地聲嘶鳴，整個華北大地在震顫，百萬人口的唐山市頃刻間化為一片廢墟。24 萬人被奪去生命，16 萬人遭受重傷，其死亡人數是日本東京1923年9月1 日的8.2 級大地震的2.4倍。造成直接經濟損失 100 億元以上。這是400 多年來世界地震史上最慘痛的一頁。
那么，地震給我們帶來了那些思考呢？
思考一：抗震、防震措施不容忽視。對新建工程進行抗震設防；對現有工程進行抗震加固；提高城鄉綜合抗震能力；加強抗震防災科研及人才培訓；建立防災減災網絡式管理體制。實現防、抗、救一體化。
思考二：地震的預測學有待提高。地震的預測的準確程度在某種意義上關系著人們的生死命運。目前，美國科學家正試驗用電或磁的手段來預測地震，并收到一定的效果。
思考三：人人需要接受安全教育。人人做到既不杞人憂天，又不放松警惕，以科學的方法學會在緊急狀態下自救的本領。
思考四：一般來說，靠近板塊邊界地區的大地震重復周期要比板塊內部為短。因為作為巖石圈內構造變形的最主要的力源是板塊之間的作用力，是從板塊邊界向板塊內部逐漸減弱的。
因此，通過了解了地震的破壞性之后，同學們會更加發奮學習，立志將來獻身于偉大的科學研究事業。
【指點迷津】
A. 大綱規定的單元日常核心交際用語指南
Asking About the things (問事)
1、Idiomatic Sentences 功能套語 30 句
1) Were you in the village at the time of the earthquake ? 地震時你在村子里嗎 ？
2) What's the weather like ? 天氣怎么樣 ？（用于詢問天氣、人的外貌、人的品德、人的技能等）
3) What happened next ? 接著發生了什么 ？
4) What do you think of … ? = How do you like … ? = How do you find … ? 你覺得 …… 怎么樣 ？(用于詢問對人或事物的喜歡程度)
5) Are you afraid ? 你害怕嗎 ？
6) How are things there ? 那里情況怎么樣 ？
7) What is it about ? 這是關于什么的 ？
8) That's very strange / very interesting / very good / boring / very dull / very valuable / very cheap 。
9) It sounds like thunder and storm . 聽起來像電閃雷鳴。
10) Sure I was . I'll never forget that . 當然是的。我終身難忘當時的一幕幕情景。
11) Do you remember to phone him ? 你記住給他打電話了嗎 ？
12) You did remember giving him the message , didn't you ? 你記得已經把信兒帶給他了，是吧 ？
13) You haven't forgotten , have you ? 你沒有忘記，是吧 ？
14) I wonder if you remember my asking for the information . 不知道你是否記得我曾打聽過這方面的情況。
15) Do you by any chance remember his telephone number ? 你是不是還記得他的電話號碼 ？
16) I remember she wore a green hat that day .
17) As far as I remember , he was born in Canada . 就我所記得， 他生于加拿大。
18) I remember quite clearly / vividly the first day at university . 我還請清楚楚地記得上大學的第一天的情景。
19) I'll always remember the time I visited London . = I will never forget the time I visited London . 我永遠忘不了在倫敦訪問的時光。
20) That reminds me of the time I studied at Beijing University . 這使我想起我在北京大學學習的時光。
21) As I remember = If I remember it correctly , we sent the package on the 20th . 如果我沒有記錯的話，我們 20 日就把包裹發出了。
22) I shall always remember your help .
23) Sorry , I forgot to lock the door .
24) I'm afraid I forgot where I put the letter .
25) I can't remember anything about it . 這件時我一點也記不得了。
26) I seem / appear to have forgotten her address . 我似乎忘記了他的地址了。
27) It's funny but all I can remember about her is her fair hair . 奇怪，我只記得她的金色頭發。
28) Will you be able to come to the party ? 你能來參加聚會嗎 ？
29) Is it possible that he will drop in on us this afternoon ? 他會不會今天下午到我們這里來。
30) It looks as if it might rain later . 看上去好像一會要下雨。
2、 Model Dialogue 交際示范
A
A：Did you listen to the talk last night ?
B：Yes , I did .
A：What was it about ?
B：It was about how to learn English .
A：How did you find the talk ?
B：Very good . It's very useful for us and was the best talk I ever heard . I'll never forget it .
B
A：Oh . Tim ! What happened to you ?
B：It isn't anything serious .
A：It's serious enough for you to be in the hospital .
B：Just a little too much smoke . I'll be back home this evening .
A：How did this happen ?
B：I had to go into a house that was on fire . There was someone in it .
A：Did you get him out ?
B：Yes , I got her out . It was a girl .
A：But there was a lot of smoke .
B：Yes , a lot . I had some trouble breathing .
A：What happened next ?
B：They sent me here just for the doctors to take a look at me .
A：It sounds frightening (令人害怕的) . I hope you'll be all right soon .
B：Thank you .
B. 單元重點新詞透視
1. quake v. & n. 震動；顫抖，發抖。( earthquake 地震 )
At the sight of blood , she stood there , quaking with fear . 一看到血，她就站在那里，嚇得渾身發抖。
The man is quaking with cold . 那個人凍得直發抖。
There was a big earthquake in the Northwest of China yesterday . 昨天中國的西北地區發生了地震。
測試要點：quake with 因……而發抖。這里的with 有時也用 for 代替。
The little girl quaked with fear at the thought of the accident. 小女孩一想到那次事故的事就怕得發抖。
2. shake (shook , shaken) vt. & vi. 搖動，震動，抖動
Shake the bottle before taking the medicine every time . 每次服用這種藥之前都要先搖動一下瓶子。
shake one's head over / at sth 對……搖頭
Nothing can shake our determination . 什么也動搖不了我們的決心。
測試要點：
(1) 注意該詞的過去式和過去分詞的表達。
The earthquake shook the building . 地震使樓震動。
He shook leaves from the tree . 他把葉子從樹上搖了下來。
To be shaken before taking . (藥瓶標簽用語) 服前搖勻。
(2) 常用于被動語態中。They were much shaken at / with / by the news . 聽到那條消息，他們大為震驚。
shake hands with each other = shake each other's hands = shake each other by the hand 相互握手
Chairman Jiang shook hands with that famous scientist .
(3) 辨析：shake , quake , tremble
shake 表示短促而迅速地上下往來搖動之意。
quake 常含猛烈搖動之意。
tremble 尤指身體因恐懼或汗冷，輕微快速不由自主地顫抖。
His father , who is 90 , says in a trembling voice . 他九十高齡的父親用顫抖的聲音說著。
His felt the ground shaking .
His hands shook constantly .
His voice trembled with excitement .
3. while n. (只用單數) 一會兒；一段時間
after a while 過了一會兒。a short / little while ago = just now 剛才
測試要點：
(1) 當該詞與介詞 for 搭配時，for 常可以省略不用。
rest for a while 休息一會兒。
Just wait for a while and then I will help you . 等一下，我會來幫助你的。
(2) 作連詞引導狀語從句，“當……的時候；和……同時”。
Somebody broke in while I were out . （注意本句中的 were 不能用 went 。因為 while 后的動詞應是延續性的）
Strike while the iron is hot . (諺語) 趁熱打鐵。
While I was reading , I fell asleep . 我一面讀書，一面就睡著了。
My son kept silent while I was doing some sewing . 我做針線活時，我兒子就在一邊默不作聲。
(3) 作連詞引導讓步狀語從句�！�= though , although 雖然；盡管”。
While she is a top student , , she has some shortcomings . 盡管是個優秀學生，她也有缺點。
While I understand what you say , I can't agree with you . 雖然我理解你的話，但是我不能同意你。
(4) 作連詞引導條件狀語從句 = as / so long as ， “只要”。
There will be life while there is water and air . 只要有水和空氣，就會有生命。
While there is life there is hope . 只要有生命就有希望。
(5) 作連詞表達對比 = but ，“而；然而”。
He is a worker while I am a doctor .
Their country has plenty of oil , while yours has none . 他們的國家有豐富石油，然而你們的國家連一點也沒有。
Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue .
(6) 固定詞組：all the while 始終；一直。at whiles 間或；有時。between whiles 時常。once in a while 偶爾。間或。for a while 暫時；一會兒。be worth (sb's) while + doing / to do 值得（某人）花費時間或精力。
It is worth while seeing the film a second time . = It is worth while to see the film a second time . 再看一次這部電影也值得。
4. sound vi. vt. n. 發出聲音；聽起來；聲音
The “s”in “island”is not sounded . “island”這個詞里的“s”不發音。
The bell sounded at 7 o'clock for breakfast . 七點鐘時，早飯鈴響了。
His voice sounds as if he had a cold . 他的聲音聽起來好像他感冒了似的。
測試要點：
(1) 該詞作系動詞用后面跟形容詞，不要跟副詞。
The price sounds reasonable . 那價格聽起來很合理。
That explanation sounds all right . 那種解釋聽起來是對的。
How sweet the music sounds ! 這音樂聽起來真悅耳 ！
He sounded frightened . 從他說話的聲音可以聽出他嚇壞了。
It didn't sound like a child of eight talking . 那聽起來不像是個十八歲孩子在講話。
You sounded as if you were on their side .聽起來你似乎站在他們那一邊。
It sounds like the singing of birds . 聽起來像小鳥歡唱。
(2) sound 作形容詞是“健康的；健全的；完好的”。
They are children of sound mind and body . 他們是身體健康的孩子。
He fell into a sound sleep . = He was sound asleep . 他熟睡了。
(3) 辨析作名詞“聲音”的：sound , noise , voice
sound 表示能聽見的任何聲音，她不強調音響的強弱、是否悅耳、是否清晰、有無意義。因此它不含任何褒貶色彩。
We heard strange sounds in the distance .
Sounds carry well in this hall .
the sounds of breaking plates
noise 通常是指大而令人不快的“噪音”，嘈雜聲，喧囂聲等。
The noise of traffic kept him awake all the night . 車馬行人的喧囂聲攪得他通宵不能入睡。
There is so much noise in this restaurant that I can hardly hear you talking .
Please don't make so much noise ! 請勿大聲喧嘩 ！
voice 專指人的聲音，如說話、唱歌、笑時發出的聲音，偶爾也指禽、蟲鳴承德聲音。
We heard the sound of voices .
I recognized his voice on the phone . 在電話上我辨別出了他聲音。
Out from the forest came the voice of the cuckoo . 從樹林里傳來了杜鵑的叫聲。
5. point n. 點。vt. vi. 弄尖；指向；把……對準；文章的要點；分數
Your had better point your pencil with this knife .你最好用這把刀子把你的鉛筆削一下。
My teacher always points out and corrects my mistakes whenever I hand in my composition . 每次交的作文，老師總是給我指出錯處并加以改正。
We won by five points . 我們以 5 分之差取勝。（即我們贏了 5 分）
This is the point of the article . 這就是本文的要點。
Read 4.7 as “four point seven”. 讀4. 7為“四點七”。
In this examination he got 87 points . 此次考試他得了 87 分。
測試要點：
(1) 固定搭配：point out 指出。point to 指向。point at 對準……。
The building points to the east . = The building faces to the east . 這座大樓面朝東。
She pointed her gun at a deer .
(2) There is no point + doing 干……沒有用或者意義。
There is no point / good / use quarrelling with them about the rules . 給他們爭吵規章制度是沒有用的。
6. movement n. 運動；活動
He lay there without any movement . 他躺在那里一動也不動。
測試要點：
(1) 作不可數名詞是“運動，活動，動靜，移動”，側重其行動過程，尤其是地點、位置、姿勢的變化。
Scientists are studying the movement of planets . 科學家在研究行星的運動。
(2) 作可數名詞是“動作，舉止”。
His movements are getting slower and slower . 他的行動越來越遲緩了。
The police are paying much attention to his recent movements . 警察正密切關注他近來的行蹤。
7. line n . 繩，索，線，生產線，電線，邊線，行列。
They have opened a new bus line . 他們開設了一條新汽車線。
There is a line of chairs in front of the classroom . 教室的前面有一排椅子。
測試要點：
固定搭配：be line with 符合；和……一致；排列
His actions were not line with his beliefs . 他的行動和他的信仰不一致。
The road leading to our village is lined with trees . 通向我們村莊的路兩旁長著樹。
in line 一排，一行，成一直線，整齊。
Boys and girls , please stand in (a) line as quickly as possible . 同學們，請盡快站成一行。
line up 排隊，排成一行
We lined up to buy tickets . 我們排隊買票。
Please wait in a straight line to get on the train .
every other line 每隔一行。
My son , you should write every other line .
drop sb a few lines 寫短信
C. 單元重點詞組掃瞄
1. fall off 跌落，掉下
Look ! The girl fell off her bike . 瞧 ！ 那女孩從自行車上掉了下來。
The house shook and a few pictures fell off the wall . 房子在晃動，墻上有幾幅畫震落了下來。
The bridge there is too narrow . People may fall off .
橋太窄，人會掉下去的。
測試要點：能基本應用 fall off （從……落下）, fall over（向前跌去）, fall down (倒塌), fall out（跌出